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People attend the launch ceremony for the Veliky Novgorod, a Varshavyanka-class submarine (Project 636), at the Admiralteyskie Verfi shipyard in St Petersburg, Russia on March 18, 2016. These attack submarines are mainly intended for anti-shipping and anti-submarine operations in relatively shallow waters. Project 636 boats are equipped with improved MGK-400EM, with MG-519 Afra also upgraded to MG-519EM. The improved sonar systems have reduced the number of operators needed by sharing the same console via automation. Anechoic tiles are fitted on casings and fins to absorb the sound waves of active sonar, which results in a reduction and distortion of the return signal. These tiles also help attenuate sounds that are emitted from the submarine, thus reducing the range at which the sub may be detected by passive sonar. The diesel-electric submarine will join Russia’s Black Sea fleet. (Photo by Alexander Demianchuk/TASS)
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