The Kingdom of Pagan (also commonly known as the Pagan Dynasty and the Pagan Empire) was the first kingdom to unify the regions that would later constitute modern-day Burma (Myanmar). Pagan's 250-year rule over the Irrawaddy valley and its periphery laid the foundation for the ascent of Burmese language and culture, the spread of Burman ethnicity in Upper Burma, and the growth of Theravada Buddhism in Burma and in mainland Southeast Asia.

A woman spreads out fish to dry at Ngapali Beach near a fishing village in Myanmar's western Rakhine State, Saturday, December 31, 2022. (Photo by Aung Shine Oo/AP Photo)

A girl walks past destroyed houses at Basara refugee camp in Sittwe on May 16, 2023, after cyclone Mocha made a landfall. The death toll in cyclone-hit Myanmar's Rakhine state rose to at least 41 on May 16, 2023, local leaders told AFP. (Photo by Sai Aung Main/AFP Photo)

A wounded protester is seen after security forces intervene in protesters during a protest against military coup and detention of elected government members in Mandalay, Myanmar on March 27, 2021. (Photo by Stringer/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

Fabrics dry on bamboo scaffolding on Inle lake in Myanmar, March 2024. The cloth will be made into a traditional garment called a longyi, worn by both sexes. (Photo by Hilton Chen/Solent news)

Labourers unload gravel from a boat docked in Dala township, opposite Yangon city, Myanmar, November 12, 2015. (Photo by Olivia Harris/Reuters)

Children play in front of a brick factory on the outskirts of the northern Myanmar city of Mandalay on December 14, 2015. (Photo by Phyo Hein Kyaw/AFP Photo)

A group of men play Myanmar's traditional sport of chinlone in Naypyitaw, Myanmar, Friday, November 18, 2016. (Photo by Aung Shine Oo/AP Photo)