A worker wearing a protective mask uses a blower to remove leafs from a walkway during sunny autumn weather near Stallikon, Switzerland on October 27, 2020. (Photo by Arnd Wiegmann/Reuters)

The work entitled “Trip 1, Trip II, Trip III” by April Pine is pictured before dawn at Sculpture By The Sea at Bondi Beach on October 19, 2017 in Sydney, Australia. This year the outdoor exhibition celebrates its 21st birthday with 104 exhibiting artists from Australia and around the world and runs from the 19th October-5th November 2017. (Photo by Brook Mitchell/Getty Images)

The graffiti against the war in Ukraine of the street artist ChemiS in Prague, Czech Republic, March 19, 2022. (Photo by Amos Chapple/Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty)

People walk under a light projection during the Shanghai International Light Festival at a shopping mall complex in Shanghai on September 22, 2025. (Photo by Jade Gao/AFP Photo)

Do you think that history is a science? Well, not exactly. First, and foremost, history is the state's “legend of wars”, it’s official regalia. Of course, public historians are not interested in scientific truth – quite the opposite. In this respect, any attempt to present a state’s history as altruistic and benevolent as possible is welcomed and encouraged – as opposed to any revisionism attempts that may be more accurate. In this matter, Chinese have surpassed us all – they revised in highly creative manner (but rather shamelessly) the technology already invented by Europeans, a process that resulted in oldest state on the planet. Here is an interesting paradox: ask any sinologist about the Middle Kingdom during second century B.C., and he will describe it to you in such a vivid manner as if he has been living there all his life – but as soon as you will ask him to describe Chinese history in the 19-20th centuries… let's say, his eagerness will be greatly diminished. However, we will discuss China in a different article, and in the meantime we will try to understand how exactly historic “legend of wars” is formed and functions – based on a specific and well-known example. A great example is Ferdinand Magellan's first voyage around the world.

Men, wearing traditional clothes, are seen as “Pir Shaliar” event, which is celebrated twice a year, continues in the Hawraman, Iran on January 30, 2025. At the event, def teams consisting of men and women formed dhikr rings by playing the def on the slopes of the mountain accompanied by hymns. (Photo by Fariq Faraj Mahmood/Anadolu via Getty Images)

Presidential candidate Javier Milei arrives at the Teatro Colón opera house with his girlfriend, Fatima Florez, in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Friday, November 17, 2023. Milei will face Economy Minister Sergio Massa in a runoff election on Nov. 19. (Photo by Ramiro Souto/AP Photo)

A man rides a motorcycle on a flooded street following heavy rains in Sanaa, Yemen on April 22, 2024. (Photo by Khaled Abdullah/Reuters)