“Cassowaries are large, flightless birds related to emus and (more distantly) to ostriches, rheas, and kiwis”, writes Olivia Judson in the September issue of National Geographic magazine. How large? People-size: Adult males stand well over five foot five and top 110 pounds. Females are even taller, and can weigh more than 160 pounds. Dangerous when roused, they’re shy and peaceable when left alone. But even birds this big and tough are prey to habitat loss. The dense New Guinea and Australia rain forests where they live have dwindled. Today cassowaries might number 1,500 to 2,000. And because they help shape those same forests – by moving seeds from one place to another – “if they vanish”, Judson writes, “the structure of the forest would gradually change” too. (Photo by Christian Ziegler/National Geographic)

People look at the Turrialba volcano as it spewes ashes on May 20, 2016, in Cartago, Costa Rica. The Turrialba volcano started erupting columns of smoke and ash that the wind extended towards the Costa Rican capital, in what according to experts is the strongest eruption in the past six years. (Photo by Ezequiel Becerra/AFP Photo)

Russian President Vladimir Putin (C) and Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu (back) attend a reception to honour graduates of military academies at the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia, June 28, 2016. (Photo by Alexei Druzhinin/Reuters/Sputnik/Kremlin)

Anti-racist Loldiers of Odin clowns speak with police as they take to the streets against anti-immigration marchers in Tampere, Finland January 23, 2016. Police prevented the groups from confronting each other. On the northern fringes of Europe, Finland has little history of welcoming large numbers of refugees, unlike neighbouring Sweden. But as with other European countries, it is now struggling with a huge increase in asylum seekers and the authorities are wary of any anti-immigrant vigilantism. (Photo by Kalle Parkkinen/Reuters/Lehtikuva)

A model wears an Apache costume in the kids carnival during The 13th Jember Fashion Carnival 2014 on August 21, 2014 in Jember, Indonesia. The 13th Jember Fashion Carnival (JFC) 2014 theme is “Triangle, Dynamic in Harmony” and consists of ten parades which include Mahabharata, Tambora, Phoenix, Pine Forest, Apache, Borobudur, Flying Kite, Wild Deers, Stalagmite, and Chemistry. This street carnival is claimed to be one of the biggest in the world and comprises more than 850 performers parading along 3.6 km road used as the catwalk. (Photo by Robertus Pudyanto/Getty Images)

Rihanna holds the pregnant belly of Spc. Ariel Evans during an event promoting her Rogue Man cologne at Ft. Belvoir Exchange on Wednesday, November 12, 2014 in Ft. Belvoir, Va. (Photo by Kevin Wolf/AP Photo)

Aenne Schwarz as a “daughter” and Anna Sophie Krenn on Thursday, September 8, 2017, during the photoprobe of “Paradies flood / Lost symphony / Part one of the klimatrilogie” in the Akademietheater in Vienna, Austria. The piece premiered on September 9, 2017. (Photo by Georg Hochmuth/APA)

Automated guided vehicle robot “Ray” lifts up an Audi car during a pilot project at the parking area of the Audi plant in Ingolstadt, Germany, May 13, 2015. The robot has been designed to help make work more efficient and more comfortable for employees, some whom walk up to eight kilometres a day, while coordinating the finished cars for the subsequent train transportation. “Robot Ray” technology, currently being used at Dusseldorf International Airport in Germany, claims to be able to park 60 per cent more vehicles in one area compared with a human driver. (Photo by Michaela Rehle/Reuters)