“On his first trip to a European Union country this year, Russian President Vladimir Putin on Friday sharply criticized western policy toward Moscow, describing a newly expanded U.S. missile defense system as a threat to his country's security – and vowing to retaliate. Putin arrived in Athens on a two-day visit and emerged from talks with the Greek government to lash the United States and NATO allies, also accusing them of stifling trade and energy cooperation with Russia. Earlier this month, the U.S. program was declared operational at a site in Romania, drawing an angry reaction from Russia. NATO says the system is purely defensive and a response to a growing capability of ballistic missiles globally. “We keep hearing that it's not a threat against Russia, that it's not aimed at Russia”, Putin said late Friday. “Of course it's a threat to us. It can easily be modified to have an aggressive capability”, he said. “And if yesterday some parts of Romania did not know what it means to be targets, we will now be forced to take certain actions which will guarantee our security”, he said, but did not elaborate.

Putin has made only a handful of visits to EU countries since sanctions were imposed on Moscow two years ago in response to the Ukraine crisis and Russia's annexation of Crimea following an internationally disputed referendum. “The issue of Crimea is over forever, based on the will of the people who live there. Russia will never negotiate on this issue”, Putin said. Athens is keen to maintain its traditionally close ties with post-Soviet Russia, despite its participation in EU sanctions against Moscow, and a gas pipeline project designed to limit Russia's regional energy dominance. Russia is one of Greece's main trading partners, but business has been hit by the sanctions and a drop in commodity prices. Greece is also keen to reverse a slump in tourist arrivals from Russia last year, and attract interest from Russian companies in the planned privatization of rail and other transport services.

Alexis Tsipras, the Greek prime minister, noted that Putin's visit comes just days after Athens reached a deal with eurozone bailout creditors to continue rescue loans, under a deal that expands power of a state privatization committee. “Improving relations with Russia on multiple levels is a strategic choice”, Tsipras said. “Of course ... when the disagreements exceed our powers, we can act a positive influence within the EU and NATO”. Putin traveled to Greece with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and top executives from state oil and gas companies. Amid heavy security at Athens Airport, air force F-16s buzzed overhead as part of a welcoming ceremony.

“This will be the first time Putin has visited an EU country in the past six months and Russia-EU relations will be definitely on the agenda”, said Alexander Kokcharov of the U.S.-based IHS Country Risk group. “Putin is likely to offer investment projects in Greece, most likely in energy and transport sectors. However, we do not expect that Greece would go against the EU consensus”. On Saturday, Putin will visit the autonomous Orthodox Christian monastic community of Mount Athos, joined by the head of Russia's Othodox Church, Patriarch Kirill of Moscow. Some 2,500 police were providing security for Putin's visit in Athens, and much of the city center was blocked to motorists and public transport. Outside Parliament, a small group of demonstrators from a Greek gay and lesbian rights association gathered in protest against Putin's visit, chanting “Greece, Russia, Homophobia”. Protester Savvas Kleanthous said violence against gays in Russia goes largely unpunished. “We're here to support the Russian gay community," he said. "We haven't forgotten them”. – Derek Gatopoulos via The Associated Press



Greek police and army officers stand by Greek, Russian and EU flags as they wait for the arrival of Russian President Vladimir Putin in Athens, Greece airport, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Michalis Karagiannis/Reuters)





Snipers are seen atop a building prior to the arrival of Russian President Vladimir Putin in Athens, Greece airport, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Michalis Karagiannis/Reuters)





Russian President Vladimir Putin arrives at the Athens international airport on Friday, May 27, 2016. Russia's president is due in financially struggling Greece Friday for a state visit that will include a trip to a 1,000-year-old, all-male Orthodox Christian sanctuary in the north of the country. (Photo by Thanassis Stavrakis/AP Photo)





Russian President Vladimir Putin arrives at the Athens international airport on Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Thanassis Stavrakis/AP Photo)





Russian President Vladimir Putin inspects the honor guard during his arrival at the Athens international airport on Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Thanassis Stavrakis/AP Photo)





Russian President Vladimir Putin arrives at the Athens international airport on Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Thanassis Stavrakis/AP Photo)





Russian President Vladimir Putin arrives at the Athens international airport on Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Thanassis Stavrakis/AP Photo)





A Greek policeman provides security as Patriarch Kirill of Moscow meets with orthodox monks in Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos, Greece, Friday, May 27, 2016, ahead of Russia's president Putin visit. (Photo by Darko Bandic/AP Photo)





Patriarch Kirill of Moscow, center, poses for cameras with orthodox monks in Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos, Greece, Friday, May 27, 2016, ahead of Russia's president Putin visit. (Photo by Darko Bandic/AP Photo)





An Orthodox monk walks down the steps as Greek police provide security at a palace in Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos, Greece, Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Darko Bandic/AP Photo)





Patriarch Kirill of Moscow, center, arrives to the port of Dafni, at Mount Athos, Greece, Friday, May 27, 2016, a day ahead of Russia's President Putin's visit. (Photo by Darko Bandic/AP Photo)





Orthodox monks look at the security preparations in the port of Dafni at Mount Athos, Greece, Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Darko Bandic/AP Photo)





Russian President Vladimir Putin arrives at the Presidential Palace to meet Greek President Prokopis Pavlopoulos (not pictured) in Athens, Greece, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Alkis Konstantinidis/Reuters)





Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, right, speaks to Russian President Vladimir Putin during their meeting at the Maximos Mansion in Athens, Friday, May 27, 2016. Russian President Vladimir Putin made his first trip to a European Union country this year Friday with a visit to Greece that will include a stop at a secluded Christian Orthodox monastic sanctuary in the country's north. (Photo by Orestis Panagiotou/EPA via AP Photo)





Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, left, welcomes Russian President Vladimir Putin at the Maximos Mansion in Athens, Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Orestis Panagiotou/EPA via AP Photo)





Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras , right, welcomes Russian President Vladimir Putin before their meeting in Athens, Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Petros Giannakouris/AP Photo)





Greek President Prokopis Pavlopoulos welcomes Russian President Vladimir Putin at the Presidential Palace in Athens, Greece, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Alkis Konstantinidis/Reuters)





Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras , right, shakes hands with Russian President Vladimir Putin before their meeting in Athens, Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Petros Giannakouris/AP Photo)





Greek President Prokopis Pavlopoulos, right, welcomes Russian President Vladimir Putin at the Presidential Palace in Athens, Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Alkis Konstantinidis/Reuters via AP Photo)





Russian President Vladimir Putin visits the Byzantine and Christian museum in Athens, Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Thanassis Stavrakis/AP Photo)





Protesters from a Greek gay and lesbian rights group gather in front of parliament, to protest a visit by Russian President Vladimir Putin, on Friday, May 27, 2016. The protesters said violence against gays in Russia is still largely unpunished by authorities. (Photo by Petros Giannakouris/AP Photo)





Protesters from a Greek gay and lesbian rights group hold a Greek and a Russian flag in front of parliament, to protest a visit by Russian President Vladimir Putin, on Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Petros Giannakouris/AP Photo)





Protesters from a Greek gay and lesbian rights group gather in front of parliament, to protest a visit by Russian President Vladimir Putin, on Friday, May 27, 2016. (Photo by Petros Giannakouris/AP Photo)