“Tilt-shift photography” refers to the use of camera movements on small- and medium-format cameras, and sometimes specifically refers to the use of tilt for selective focus, often for simulating a miniature scene. Sometimes the term is used when the shallow depth of field is simulated with digital post processing; the name may derive from the tilt-shift lens normally required when the effect is produced optically.

Children play at the Ryoji Ikeda exhibition “the transfinite” at the Park Avenue Armory on June 10, 2011 in New York City. The audio visual installation, which will close after tomorrow, features two back-two-back screens displaying a continual loop of sounds, fragments of numbers and strobe-lit patterns that echo the Japanese artist's interest in mathematics, the subconscious and the digital world. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images)

An inflatable pig flies above Battersea Power Station in a recreation of Pink Floyd's “Animals” album cover on September 26, 2011 in London, England. The classic Pink Floyd album artwork was recreated to mark the release of several digitally remastered versions of their albums. (Photo by Oli Scarff/Getty Images)

Los Angeles based MizEnScen is obsessed with doing this. This very cryptic artist is a digital collage/illustration artist who cuts and pastes what looks like imagery from old, forgotten academic texts. She takes them and layers them atop of each other to make sometimes silly portraits to beautifully textured florals growing out of bones.

Customer Andreas Kroker looks at a 3D-printed figure of himself at the Twinkind 3D printing studio in Berlin, December 13, 2013. A 3D-printed likeness is produced by taking a 360 degree photographic scan of a person, which is then rendered into a 3D digital model and retouched to meet the requirements for printing. The printing machine uses this digital model to produce a high-resolution solid figure. Twinkind co-founder Timo Schaedel said, people often come to the session well-groomed, with fresh hair-cuts and their best clothes, “just as they used to do in the past, when they had their portrait taken in a photo studio”. (Photo by Thomas Peter/Reuters)

A group of young men use a selfie stick to take a picture of themselves in shallow waters known as the first cataract of the River Nile outside Khartoum, Sudan, May 22, 2015. In Sudan, which faces insurgences in the western region of Darfur and along its border with breakaway South Sudan, as well as double-digit inflation and high unemployment, life goes on for young people in the capital Khartoum. (Photo by Mohamed Nureldin Abdallah/Reuters)

These stunning coloured images show detailed x-ray images of everything from skulls to light bulbs. Artist Paula Fontaine, from Westminster Massachusetts, created the images using a process called digital map painting. To create the images the x-ray emission source – the head of the machine on an arm which focuses the beam – is placed over the object. Paula then retreats behind a shielded screen before activating the x-ray exposure. Here: Brain storm, conceptual composite X-ray. (Photo by Paula Fontaine/Barcroft Media)