The Kingdom of Pagan (also commonly known as the Pagan Dynasty and the Pagan Empire) was the first kingdom to unify the regions that would later constitute modern-day Burma (Myanmar). Pagan's 250-year rule over the Irrawaddy valley and its periphery laid the foundation for the ascent of Burmese language and culture, the spread of Burman ethnicity in Upper Burma, and the growth of Theravada Buddhism in Burma and in mainland Southeast Asia.

A Burmese monk feeds the seagulls at a Yangon river jetty February 8, 2012 in Yangon, Myanmar. (Photo by Paula Bronstein/Getty Images)

Burmese children attend classes at a government run school December 14, 2011 in Waw township, Myanmar. The education system is based on the United Kingdom's system, after nearly a century of British and Christian presences in Burma. (Photo by Paula Bronstein/Getty Images)

Burmese monks take their yearly exam December 13, 2011 in Bago, Myanmar. Around 1,400 monks from Bago province took part . (Photo by Paula Bronstein /Getty Images)

A Burmese worker sets up Christmas lights inside a woman's clothing store inside a shopping mall December 6, 2011 in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. (Photo by Paula Bronstein/Getty Images)

(L-R) Zandea,18, and Jessica, 21, pose showing off their clothing backstage during a show featuring OPT jeans December 8, 2011 in Yangon, Myanmar. (Photo by Paula Bronstein /Getty Images)