Former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev as he bids the last farewell to his wife Raisa Gorbacheva during the funeral ceremony in Moscow, Russia, 23 September 1999 (reissued 30 August 2022). According to a Moscow Central Clinical Hospital statement, former Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev has died at the age of 91. As a supporter of the de-Stalinization programs of his predecessor Nikita Khrushchev, Gorbachev initiated numerous reforms during his tenure. He signed a nuclear arms treaty with the United States and withdrew the Soviet Union from the Soviet-Afghan war. His policies created freedom of speech and press, and decentralized fiscal policy planning and execution to increase efficiency. Gorbachev was the last leader of the Soviet Union, overseeing Russia’s transition from one party rule to fragile democracy. (Photo by Sergey Chirikov/EPA/EFE)

Students attend the first day of in-person classes, at a flooded school due to high tide, in Macabebe, Pampanga province, Philippines on August 22, 2022. (Photo by Lisa Marie David/Reuters)

Photo taken on October 11, 2020 shows a golden monkey at Dalongtan Golden Monkey Research Center in Shennongjia National Park of central China's Hubei Province. With the efforts of local authority and improvement of the environment in the past many years, the number of golden monkeys in Shennongjia area reached nearly 1,500 nowadays. (Photo by Xinhua News Agency/Rex Features/Shutterstock)

A mural depicting NHS nurse Melanie Senior, based on a photograph by Johannah Churchill, which The National Portrait Gallery commissioned artist Peter Barber to create in Manchester's Northern Quarter, on October 19, 2020 in Manchester, England. Greater Manchester's leaders including Mayor Andy Burnham will want better financial arrangements for workers affected before they agree for the region to be moved into a Tier 3 Covid-19 lockdown. (Photo by Christopher Furlong/Getty Images)

Afghan vendors sort out oranges for sale at a wholesale market in the Bati kot district in Nangarhar province, Afghanistan, 04 December 2020. The orange fruit floods markets across Afghanistan due to bumper crop in the winter season. Oranges are rich in vitamin C, which may reduce severity of the common cold. (Photo by Ghulamullah Habibi/EPA/EFE)

Tourists sit around a bonfire on the Makgadikgadi salt pan in Botswana. (Photo by Yang Mengxi/Xinhua News Agency/Barcroft Media)

Camila Cabello performs on stage during The Global Awards 2020 with Very.co.uk held at London's Eventim Apollo Hammersmith on Thursday, March 5, 2020. (Photo by Isabel Infantes/PA Images via Getty Images)

A Chesterfield Borough Police telephone operator tests a gasmask with built in earpiece and microphone. The telephone service is considered one of the most important links in the coordination of ARP operations and must remain operational during air raids, 12th April 1939. (Photo by Fox Photos/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)