Vardzia is a cave monastery site in southern Georgia, excavated from the slopes of the Erusheti Mountain on the left bank of the Mtkvari River, thirty kilometres from Aspindza. The main period of construction was the second half of the twelfth century. The caves stretch along the cliff for some five hundred metres and in up to nineteen tiers. The Church of the Dormition, dating to the 1180s during the golden age of Tamar and Rustaveli, has an important series of wall paintings. The site was largely abandoned after the Ottoman takeover in the sixteenth century. Now part of a state heritage reserve, the extended area of Vardzia-Khertvisi has been submitted for future inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List

Axel, a research prototype rover for exploring the Moon, Mars and other planets, is remotely driven over rocks as engineers from Jet Propulsion (JPL) and grad students from Caltech (California Institute of Technology) demonstrate its mobile over the steep and rocky grounds of the JPL Mars Yard on January 14, 2009 in Pasadena, California. The rover is capable of descending cliffs or into craters and returning by a cable tethered to its starting point. Development of the Axel rover is a point effort funded by NASA Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD) and lead by Principal Investigator Issa Newnas and Co-Investigator and Caltech professor of mechanical engineering bio engineering Joel Burdick. (Photo by David McNew/Getty Images)

Emily Hasler, an English Heritage employee at Charles Darwin's home, Down House, cleans a rabbit bone in his old study on April 2, 2011 in Downe, England. Staff at the house are cleaning and preparing the property ahead of their peak visitor season. The house contains the study where Darwin wrote “On the Origin of Species”, as well as family rooms and an extensive garden that inspired the renowned scientist. (Photo by Oli Scarff/Getty Images)

A girl reacts as she receives polio vaccine drops during a house-to-house vaccination campaign in Yemen's capital Sanaa, November 10, 2015. (Photo by Khaled Abdullah/Reuters)

Citizens who visited the Blue House guest house on April 20, 2025 are looking around the interior. The number of visitors has skyrocketed since the impeachment of former President Yoon Seok-yeol, as the possibility of the next government returning to the Blue House has been raised. (Photo by Koh Woon-ho)

Visitors walk past vintage and classic cars displayed by Bonhams auction house, during an exhibition, at the Grand Palais in Paris, Wednesday, February 4, 2015. The Grand Palais is staging an exhibition of vintage cars, to be followed by a sale of historic cars by Bonhams auction house on Thursday. (Photo by Jacques Brinon/AP Photo)

White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt takes questions during her first daily briefing at the White House in Washington on January 28, 2025. (Photo by Carlos Barria/Reuters)

English television personality Georgia Harrison is seen attending House of CB Christmas Party at Old Sessions House on November 29, 2023 in London, England. (Photo by Ricky Vigil M/Justin E Palmer/GC Images)