People swim underwater at Clovelly Beach on December 14, 2023 in Sydney, Australia. A severe heat wave hit Sydney over the weekend, a precursor of hot and dry conditions expected for the rest of the summer which will also bring heightened bushfire risk. The mercury rose to alarming levels again on Thursday. (Photo by Jenny Evans/Getty Images)

A woman walks past debris as Super Typhoon Ragasa hits the Central district in Hong Kong on September 24, 2025. Hong Kong's weather service issued the highest level of typhoon warning in the early hours, as Super Typhoon Ragasa brought powerful winds and lashing rain to the southern Chinese coast. (Photo by Peter Parks/AFP Photo)

Participants wrestle while riding yaks during Kyrgyz national horse games and festival near the Tulpar-Kul in the Chon Alai range, some 3500 metres (11483 feet) above sea level, Osh region, Kyrgyzstan, July 25, 2015. (Photo by Vladimir Pirogov/Reuters)

A man watches as high surf crashes into the wall and spills onto Channel Drive in Montecito, Calif., January 7, 2016. Bacteria levels can increase significantly during and after rainstorms as contaminants in the runoff enter the ocean via storm drains, creeks and rivers. (Photo by Mike Eliason/AP Photo)

Indonesian tourists take a selfie as Mount Bromo spews volcanic material and ash into the air during an eruption in Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia, 31 December 2015. Indonesia's Mount Bromo is on the second highest alert level as its activity has increased in the last two months. (Photo by Fully Handoko/EPA)

Fishermen are seen near thousands of fish found dead at Lake Maninjau due to lack of oxygen levels at the bottom of the lake and bad weather that hit the area in Agam, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia on April 29, 2021. (Photo by Muhammad Arif Pribadi/Antara Foto via Reuters)

Vapour bounced off the wings of the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II as it sped over the Welsh mountains at a swift 575mph on February 10, 2022. The jet was taking part in a low-level training exercise through the Mach Loop – a series of valleys in North Wales. (Photo by Thomas Winstone/News Images)

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Lake Natron is a salt lake located in northern Tanzania, close to the Kenyan border, in the eastern branch of the East African Rift. The lake is fed by the Southern Ewaso Ng'iro River and also by mineral-rich hot springs. It is quite shallow, less than three meters (10 feet) deep, and varies in width depending on its water level, which changes due to high levels of evaporation, leaving concentrations of salt and other minerals, notably sodium carbonate (natron).