A volcanic eruption at Mount Etna’s Vorgaine crater in Sicily, Italy on December 3, 2015. (Photo by Marco Restivo/Barcroft Media)

The Mount Bromo volcano erupts in the Bryce Canyon, Utah. (Photo by Reynold Dewantara/2016 National Geographic Travel Photographer of the Year Contest)

The erupting Litli-Hrútur volcano on the Reykjanes Peninsula in Iceland captured with a drone in the last decade of July 2023. (Photo by Elliot McGucken/Animal News Agency)

A man looks at a pyroclastic flow during the eruption of Mount Semeru in Lumajang, East Java, on November 19, 2025. (Photo by Agus Harianto/AFP Photo)

A plume of ash erupts from the Taal volcano in the Philippines on January 13, 2020. Situated on an island in the middle of a lake, it is one of the world's smallest volcanoes and has recorded at least 34 eruptions in the past 450 years. (Photo by Kenji Cheow/Magnus News)

Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki erupts as seen from Pululera village in East Flores, in Nobo on May 19, 2025. A volcano in eastern Indonesia erupted on May 19, spewing an ash cloud more than a kilometre high after authorities raised the country's highest alert level. (Photo by Arnold Welianto/AFP Photo)

Strokkur geyser against cloudy sky at sunset. Strokkur is a fountain geyser located in a geothermal area beside the Hvítá River in Iceland in the southwest part of the country, east of Reykjavík. It is one of Iceland's most famous geysers, erupting once every 6–10 minutes. Its usual height is 15–20 m, although it can sometimes erupt up to 40 m high. (Photo by Teatsche Dijkhuis/Getty Images/EyeEm)

In this photograph taken on April 1, 2015, an Indonesian resident and child walk away from an abandoned school building as Mount Sinabung erupts in Karo district on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. According to authorities about 3,500 people were displaced after the February 2014 eruption of Mount Sinabung volcano and many are still living in evacuation centers as the volcano remains active. (Photo by Sutanta Aditya/AFP Photo)