“A fter the former Soviet Union conducted its first nuclear test in August 1949, the US reevaluated its postwar defense policies. With the US monopoly on atomic weapons broken, military and political leaders chose to diversify the American stockpile by developing thermonuclear and tactical nuclear weapons. One of the more interesting concepts to come out of this period was atomic artillery, which was successfully tested at the Nevada Proving Grounds (now the Nevada Test Site) in May 1953”. – Alan Carr. Photo: Atomic Annie at work during the Upshot-Knothole test series, 1953. (Photo by Los Alamos National Laboratory/US Army)

Madison Sager (L), Jocelyn Sager and Susan Ihry (C) make their way through the West Acres Mall JCPenney store after 3 a.m. on November 25, 2011 in Fargo, North Dakota. The trio began shopping at 10 p.m. the night before at Walmart. (Photo by Chris Franz/Getty Images)

Rainey Qualley and Margaret Qualley attend the Vanity Fair Oscar party in Beverly Hills during the 92nd Academy Awards, in Los Angeles, California, U.S., February 9, 2020. (Photo by Danny Moloshok/Reuters)

Indian actress Freida Pinto attends the 2020 Vanity Fair Oscar Party hosted by Radhika Jones at Wallis Annenberg Center for the Performing Arts on February 09, 2020 in Beverly Hills, California. (Photo by Emma McIntyre/VF20/WireImage)

Timbuktu: A UN peacekeeper from Burkina Faso stands guard at the Djinguereber mosque, built in the 14th century, during a visit by a UN delegation on election day in Timbuktu, Mali, July 28, 2013. (Photo by Joe Penney/Reuters)

Kyla Drumm, 5, waits after receiving the Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine in Skippack, Pennsylvania, U.S., November 3, 2021. (Photo by Hannah Beier/Reuters)

People wearing costumes walk during Halloween in Sierra Madre, California, U.S., October 31, 2017. (Photo by Mario Anzuoni/Reuters)

Hooded demonstrators vandalise a shop window in Mexico City, during the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the 1968 Tlatelolco student massacre, on October 2, 2018. Fifty years ago, Mexican troops opened fire on student demonstrators, killing hundreds just days before Mexico City hosted the 1968 Olympics – one of the darkest episodes in a year of global turbulence. (Photo by Ronaldo Schemidt/AFP Photo)