Dr. P.A. Smithe was sent by the American Red Cross as a doctor and surgeon to work at a hospital in Vienna. He sailed to Europe in December 1915 and returned home in August 1916, according to his daughter, who donated his images to the National World War I Museum. Photo: Turkish army, including cavalry, infantry and artillery. (Photo by Dr. P.A. Smithe/National World War I Museum, Kansas City, Mo.)

People visit the art installation “Machine Memories: Space” by Turkish artist Refik Anadol in the exhibition at Pilevneli Art Gallery in I​stanbul, Turkey, 22 March 2021. The exhibition runs until 25 April. (Photo by Sedat Suna/EPA/EFE)

Turkish police detained dozens of demonstrators participating in an LGBT pride march in Istanbul, Turkey on June 26, 2021. Police fired tear gas, rubber bullets and blocked attempts by protesters to gather in large numbers after a government decision to ban pride events in recent years. (Photo by Diego Cupolo/NurPhoto/Rex Features/Shutterstock)

Passengers embrace each other at the entrance to Istanbul's Ataturk airport, early Wednesday, June 29, 2016 following their evacuation after a blast. Suspected Islamic State group extremists have hit the international terminal of Istanbul's Ataturk airport, killing dozens of people and wounding many others, Turkish officials said Tuesday. (Photo by Emrah Gurel/AP Photo)

A woman visits St Savior in Chora church, known as Kariye in Turkish, in Istanbul, Friday, August 21, 2020. Turkey on Friday formally converted former Byzantine church, St Savior in Chora, into a mosque, a month after it similarly turned Istanbul's landmark Hagia Sophia into a Muslim house of prayer, drawing international rebuke. (Photo by Emrah Gurel/AP Photo)

A man watches a classic Turkish movie from his car at a temporary drive-in theatre held in a shopping mall car park amid the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic on May 28, 2020 in Istanbul, Turkey. Istanbul and other major cities across Turkey have begun to ease restrictions and have started preparations for the reopening of some locations, shops and services as infection rates continue to drop. As of May 28, Turkey has reported 4,461 coronavirus-related deaths and 160,979 confirmed cases. (Photo by Chris McGrath/Getty Images)