In the spring of 1965, within weeks of 3,500 American Marines arriving in Vietnam, a 39-year-old Briton named Larry Burrows began work on a feature for LIFE magazine, chronicling the day-to-day experience of U.S. troops on the ground – and in the air – in the midst of the rapidly widening war. The photographs in this gallery focus on a calamitous March 31, 1965, helicopter mission; Burrows’ “report from Da Nang”, featuring his pictures and his personal account of the harrowing operation, was published two weeks later as a now-famous cover story in the April 16, 1965, issue of LIFE.

Photo: Man your battle stations: The crew chief of helicopter Yankee Papa 13, lance corporal James C. Farley, mans an M-60 machine gun during a mission near Da Nang, Vietnam on March 31, 1965. (Photo by Larry Burrows/Time & Life Pictures)

Camel herders scoop up water in plastic buckets from one of the few watering holes in the area, to water their animals near the drought-affected village of Bandarero, near Moyale town on the Ethiopian border, in northern Kenya, Friday, March 3, 2017. The U.N. humanitarian chief, Stephen O'Brien, toured Bandarero village on Friday and called on the international community to act to “avert the very worst of the effects of drought and to avert a famine to make sure we don't go from what is deep suffering to a catastrophe”. (Photo by Ben Curtis/AP Photo)

Montegut fire chief Toby Henry walks back to his fire truck in the rain as firefighters cut through trees on the road in Bourg, Louisiana as Hurricane Ida passes on August 29, 2021. Hurricane Ida struck the coast of Louisiana on August 29 as a powerful Category 4 storm, 16 years to the day after deadly Hurricane Katrina devastated the southern US city of New Orleans. “Extremely dangerous Category 4 Hurricane Ida makes landfall near Port Fourchon, Louisiana”, the National Hurricane Center wrote in an advisory. (Photo by Mark Felix/AFP Photo)

A reveller dances next to a police officer at Notting Hill Carnival in London, Britain on August 28, 2022. (Photo by Henry Nicholls/Reuters)

A group police are seen outside the home of a senior police officer in Bangkok, Thailand, Wednesday, March 15, 2023. Thai police have arrested a fellow officer who fired multiple gunshots from his home in Bangkok which forced an over 24 hours-long standoff after his colleagues tried to take him to be treated for mental illness. (Photo by Sakchai Lalit/AP Photo)

Staff members for U.S. Sen. Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH) push a stuffed moose into their office on Capitol Hill on June 11, 2024 in Washington, DC. A stuffed moose named “Marty the Moose” and a stuffed bear named “Kodak the Bear” will be on display in Shaheen's office as part of the thirteenth annual Experience New Hampshire event. (Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

A man protesting the Ferguson grand jury decision to not indict officer Darren Wilson in the Michael Brown case is arrested while marching through the streets on December 1, 2014 in New York City. Brown, an 18-year-old black man, was killed by Darren Wilson, a white Ferguson, MO police officer, on August 9. (Photo by Andrew Burton/Getty Images)