Former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev as he bids the last farewell to his wife Raisa Gorbacheva during the funeral ceremony in Moscow, Russia, 23 September 1999 (reissued 30 August 2022). According to a Moscow Central Clinical Hospital statement, former Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev has died at the age of 91. As a supporter of the de-Stalinization programs of his predecessor Nikita Khrushchev, Gorbachev initiated numerous reforms during his tenure. He signed a nuclear arms treaty with the United States and withdrew the Soviet Union from the Soviet-Afghan war. His policies created freedom of speech and press, and decentralized fiscal policy planning and execution to increase efficiency. Gorbachev was the last leader of the Soviet Union, overseeing Russia’s transition from one party rule to fragile democracy. (Photo by Sergey Chirikov/EPA/EFE)

In this Wednesday, August 21, 1991 file photo, appreciative muscovites hand bread, sausages and flowers to a Soviet tank's driver who helped stop the failed hardline coup in Moscow, Russia. When a group of top Communist officials ousted Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev 30 years ago and flooded Moscow with tanks, the world held its breath, fearing a rollback on liberal reforms and a return to the Cold War confrontation. But the August 1991 coup collapsed in just three days, precipitating the breakup of the Soviet Union that plotters said they were trying to prevent. (Photo by Czarek Sokolowski/AP Photo/File)

In this photo taken Sunday, May 6, 2012, Denis Lutskevich, left, is detained by police during an opposition rally in Bolotnaya Square in Moscow. The former naval cadet and first-year student, 21-year-old Lutskevich was attending his first protest when he was detained, and is still in prison Monday May 6, 2013, on the first year anniversary of the protest. (Photo by Pavel Golovkin/AP Photo)

A white Bengal tiger cub plays with its mother in a zoo in the Siberian city of Novosibirsk, about 2,800 kilometers (1,750 miles) east of Moscow, Russia, Tuesday, April 21, 2015. Two blue-eyed Bengal tiger cubs were born in March to a couple of white tigers at Novosibirsk zoo. (Photo by Ilnar Salakhiev/AP Photo)

The Kremlin's Spasskaya (Saviour) Tower, covered by scaffolding, is seen behind the mausoleum of Soviet state founder Vladimir Lenin at the Red Square in Moscow, December 23, 2014. The restoration works will last until the spring of 2015, according to local media. (Photo by Sergei Karpukhin/Reuters)

Stanislav Fursov (top) and Ekaterina Simonova from Russia, who are representing the city of Moscow, dance during the Stage style final round at the Tango World Championship in Buenos Aires, Argentina, August 27, 2015. (Photo by Marcos Brindicci/Reuters)

A picture taken on March 16, 2017 shows women dressed up as mermaids posing by a pool at a mermaid training school in Moscow. Russian women who have dreamt of becoming a mermaid since their youngest years, start turning their fantasies into reality with a new type of fitness – mermaid swimming. (Photo by Natalia Kolesnikova/AFP Photo)

Russian servicewomen march at Red Square during the Victory Day military parade in Moscow on May 9, 2017. Russia marks the 72nd anniversary of the Soviet Union's victory over Nazi Germany in World War Two. (Photo by Kirill Kudryavtsev/AFP Photo)