McMurdo Station is a U.S. Antarctic research centre located on the southern tip of Ross Island, which is in the New Zealand-claimed Ross Dependency on the shore of McMurdo Sound in Antarctica. It is operated by the United States through the United States Antarctic Program, a branch of the National Science Foundation. The station is the largest community in Antarctica, capable of supporting up to 1,258 residents, and serves as the United States Antarctic science facility. All personnel and cargo going to or coming from Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station first pass through McMurdo.

Steam rises from Lake Superior as the ship St. Clair comes to harbor during some of the coldest temps of the year, Sunday, December 31, 2017, at Canal Park in Duluth, Minn. The St. Clair is a self-unloader built in 1976 at Sturgeon Bay, Wis., and is 770 feet long and has 26 hatches that open into 5 cargo holds, providing a load capacity of 45,000 tons. (Photo by David Joles/Star Tribune via AP Photo)

Ethiopian pilgrims pray during a Mass service for Ethiopian Christmas at the Bole Medhane Alem cathedral in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Monday, January 6, 2025. (Photo by AP Photo/Stringer)

Spacewalker Mark Vande Hei took his own photograph during the first spacewalk of 2018, on January 23, 2018. These sky-high pictures are better known as “space-selfies”. (Photo by Mark Vande Hei/NASA)

Singer Rihanna prepares for a photoshoot with photographer Annie Leibovitz in Havana, Cuba, May 28, 2015. (Photo by Reuters/Stringer)

A shopper gets caught in a heavy downpour of rain on Oxford Street, London on June 27, 2020, as sunshine and showers are forecast for much of England and Wales on Saturday, with temperatures expected to hover around 22°C (71.6F). (Photo by Dominic Lipinski/PA Images via Getty Images)

McKensi Pascall is painted by artist Tom Sebazco at Human Connection Arts 8th Annual NYC Body Painting Day in Union Square Park on Sunday, July 25, 2021 in New York. (Photo by Brittainy Newman/AP Photo)

US film star Elizabeth Taylor and her first husband Nick Hilton, of the hotelier family, on their wedding day.