A Brazilian drug gang member nicknamed Pilintra, 26, poses with a gun atop a hill overlooking a slum in Salvador, Bahia State, April 11, 2013. One of Brazil's main tourist destinations and a 2014 World Cup host city, Salvador suffers from an unprecedented wave of violence with an increase of over 250% in the murder rate, according to the Brazilian Center for Latin American Studies (CEBELA). (Photo by Lunae Parracho/Reuters)

Two Herens cows lock horns during the qualification round of the annual “Battle of the Queens” cow fight finals in Aproz, in the western Alpine canton of Valais May 5, 2013. Each year when taken to the alpine pastures, the cows test their strength and fight for the herd's leadership. The competition continues until a new queen has forced all the other cows to retreat. (Photo by Valentin Flauraud/Reuters)

A model presents a creation made of plastic cutlery during Trash Fashion Show in Macedonia's capital Skopje, on Wednesday, June 5, 2013. Teams from 47 high schools from Macedonia participated in the show with creations made of redesigned materials from waste such as plastic bags, newspapers, cardboard, plastic bottles, cans, used paper, etc. (Photo by Boris Grdanoski/AP Photo)

Travel photographer Amos Chapple recently crossed into Turkmenistan on a three-day transit visa and was able to photograph many of the sights and monuments in Ashgabat, the capital and largest city. Turkmenistan is a single-party country, a former Soviet state, run by a president at the center of a cult of personality.

Photo: A young couple leave the Alem Entertainment Center in Ashgabat. The current president has a history of breaking obscure records. In 2012 the wheel atop this complex was entered into the Guinness Book of World Records as the world's largest enclosed Ferris wheel. The structure was built at a cost of $90m. (Photo by Amos Chapple via The Atlantic)

Pope Francis greets the crowd from his popemobile in downtown Rio de Janeiro. Pope Francis touched down in Rio de Janeiro on Monday, starting his first foreign trip as pontiff and a weeklong series of events expected to attract more than a million people to a gathering of young faithful in Brazil, home to the world's largest Roman Catholic population. (Photo by Ueslei Marcelino/Reuters)

Participants re-enact the “Battle of Five Armies” from J.R.R. Tolkien's novel “The Hobbit” in a forest near the town of Doksy, Czech Republic June 6, 2015. According to event organizers, hundreds of enthusiasts dressed as characters such as elves, dwarves, goblins and orcs from the book “The Hobbit” re-enacted the clash. (Photo by David W. Cerny/Reuters)

People dodge waves in Sansha Township of Xiapu, southeast China's Fujian Province, July 10, 2015. China is on highest alert as super typhoon Chan-Hom approaches the eastern coast at high speeds. The National Meteorological Center issued a red alert on Friday morning for Chan-Hom, whose center was spotted 550 km southeast off the coast of Zhejiang Province at 5 a.m. (Photo by Jiang Kehong/Xinhua)

A model of the New Horizons spacecraft is seen at a live television program on NASA television celebrating the spacecraft's closest proximity to Pluto, at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, site of the mission operations center, in Laurel, Maryland, USA, 14 July 2015. At approximately 7:49 am ET (11:49 am GMT), 14 July, New Horizons was scheduled to be as close to Pluto as the spacecraft will get; about 7,800 miles (12,500 kilometers) above the surface, following a journey of more than nine years and three billion miles. This is the first mission to the Pluto System and the Kuiper Belt. (Photo by Michael Reynolds/EPA)