In the spring of 1965, within weeks of 3,500 American Marines arriving in Vietnam, a 39-year-old Briton named Larry Burrows began work on a feature for LIFE magazine, chronicling the day-to-day experience of U.S. troops on the ground – and in the air – in the midst of the rapidly widening war. The photographs in this gallery focus on a calamitous March 31, 1965, helicopter mission; Burrows’ “report from Da Nang”, featuring his pictures and his personal account of the harrowing operation, was published two weeks later as a now-famous cover story in the April 16, 1965, issue of LIFE.

Photo: Man your battle stations: The crew chief of helicopter Yankee Papa 13, lance corporal James C. Farley, mans an M-60 machine gun during a mission near Da Nang, Vietnam on March 31, 1965. (Photo by Larry Burrows/Time & Life Pictures)

A man recieves a massage from a topless woman wearing a foxtail during the 61st annual Sturgis Motorcycle Rally August 7, 2001 in Sturgis, SD. Nudity is not permitted by the police, but airbrushing a woman''s nipples is sufficient to remain legal in the small town of 6,000. (Photo by David McNew/Getty Images)

A man walks past specially designed wash basins in a public toilet at the Foreigners Street on April 26, 2007 in Chongqing Municipality, China. (Photo by China Photos/Getty Images)

Racing driver J. Gaal at the wheel of car number 26 at the RAC Tourist Trophy, run, for the first time, over the Four Inch Course on the Isle of Man, 17th September 1908. Gaal is racing in waterproofs. (Photo by Topical Press Agency/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

A man holds onto a tree by the seashore (possibly along the Shore Parkway Greenway) against severe winds during Hurricane Carol's assault on the Northeastern seaboard, Brooklyn, New York, August 31, 1954. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)